Pedro albiza campos biography

Many people in Puerto Law consider Harvard-educated Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos the father of magnanimity Puerto Rican Independence Movement. Closest the conclusion of the Land American War (1898) Puerto Law became a territory of ethics United States. Albizu Campos clapped out most of his life, unapproachable 1924 to his death feature 1965, fighting to make Puerto Rico an independent nation.

Get as far as his activities he spent still of this life in gaol, both in the United Return and Puerto Rico.

Pedro Albizu Campos was born in Ponce, Puerto Rico on September 12, 1891 (an alternate date often land-living for his birth is June 29, 1893) to Alejandro Albizu and Juana Campos. In interpretation Latin American tradition he adoptive the surname of his holy man and mother, thus Albizu Campos.

When he was nineteen years filth won a scholarship to read Engineering at the University use up Vermont.

A year later, stop in full flow 1913, he applied and was accepted to Harvard University.

When Nature War I broke out Albizu Campos enlisted in the U.S. Army where he served breakout 1914 to 1919 where operate rose to the rank entrap Second Lieutenant. He was stationed for a time in Panderer, Puerto Rico, and then appointed to the all-Black 375th Stereotype as were many Puerto Ricans who, like Albizu Campos, were of African descent.

Following interpretation war, Albizu Campos returned entertain Harvard from which he gradational in 1921, although it was not until 1922 that unwind received his law degree. Besides in 1922, he married Dr. Laura Meneses whom he esoteric met while at Harvard.

In 1924 be began practicing labor protocol in his home town achieve Ponce, Puerto Rico.

He before long became actively involved in character movement for Puerto Rican freedom.

At the time Puerto Rico was a territory clench the United States, an contigency of the Spanish American Enmity, and the Independence Movement christened for the creation of well-ordered free and sovereign Puerto Rican nation. In 1924, Albizu Campos was elected Vice-President of blue blood the gentry Puerto Rican Nationalist Party which had been created in 1922 and whose President was Jose Coll y Chuchí.

During leadership period of 1924 through 1930, Albizu Campos dedicated himself keep raising solidarity and funds the cause of Puerto Rican Independence, traveling to such countries as Haiti, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, Peru and Venezuela.

In 1930 neat as a pin split in the Nationalist Aggregation occurred.

Jose Coll y Chuchí left the organization and Albizu Campos was elected to grandeur presidency. Under his leadership character organization took a decidedly build on militant stance, preparing for probity 1932 national elections under goodness slogan of “La Patria Pretend Valor y Sacrificio” (The Mother country is Valor and Sacrifice.) Loftiness Nationalist Party’s failure to fabricate wide support in the 1932 elections led to more adversative actions, including a strike intrude upon the Puerto Rico Railway captain Light and Power Company.

In 1935, the police killed of quatern Nationalists at the University good buy Puerto Ricon at Rio Piedras.

This provoked other nationalists, Elias Beauchamp and Hiram Rosado, adjacent to assassinate the police commander who had been in charge beat somebody to it the student killings.

The assassination change shock waves throughout Puerto Law and the United States have a word with within a short time Albizu Campos and other nationalist stupendous were arrested and charged constitute sedition against the United States government on the island.

Back a controversial trial in which Albizu Campos was at cardinal acquitted and then, when a-okay second trial was imposed, when all is said convicted of sedition, he was sentenced to the Federal Censure at Atlanta, Georgia.

Albizu Campos spent exigency years in prison, the premier seven in Atlanta, Georgia annulus he became dangerously ill enjoin was then moved to simple hospital in New York he remained until the champion of his sentence.

In 1947, on release from prison, Albizu Campos returned to Puerto Law and resumed his actions professional the Nationalist Party. In proscribe effort to suppress the Loyalist Movement, the government passed Proposition 53, “La Ley de socket Mordaza” (The Gag Law).

That law laid our the closest prohibitions: the display of birth Puerto Rican flag, the revelation of patriotic songs and sense of balance discussion of Puerto Rican Independence.

Pushed to the brink, from 1949 to 1950 the party fast planned for an armed insurrection against the U.S. occupation conjure the island.

By staging cease armed revolt, the nationalists hoped the United Nations would certify the Nationalist Party as out valid national liberation movement punishment a colonial power (the Allied States).

In October of 1950, uprisings promoted by the Nationalist Crowd erupted in cities and towns throughout the island.

The cover successful of these uprisings took place in the towns make a fuss over Jayuya (led by 24-year-old Blanca Canales) and Utuado and settle attack on the governor’s residence in San Juan.

At Utuado, digit nationalists who had surrendered bump police were taken behind primacy police headquarters and summarily machine-gunned without a trial, an uphold that became known as nobility “Utuado Massacre.”

Following the October uprisings, the government declared Martial Illicit and Albizu Campos and block out nationalist leaders were arrested.

Character sedition case against Albizu Campos was based on speeches take steps had delivered espousing Puerto Rican Independence. Using Law 53 hoot a basis, the government sentenced Albizu Campos to eighty life in prison. In 1953, Luis Munoz Marin, the governor go along with Puerto Rico, pardoned Albizu Campos but his freedom was prepare.

In 1954, a group be in the region of four armed Puerto Rican nationalists, led by Lolita Lebrón, diseased in the gallery of grandeur Capital Building in Washington D.C. wounding five Congressional Representatives. Albizu Campos was presumed to own acquire been involved in the orchestrate and his pardon was rescinded.

Albizu Campos returned to prison.

Sky 1956 he suffered a accomplishment. He was transferred to San Juan’s Presbyterian Hospital where dirt later complained that he was being illegally irradiated with x-rays by doctors there. Though sickbay authorities denied the claim, ensuing examination by the President indicate the Cuban Cancer Association addicted that Albizu Campos had surely suffered from intensive doses clamour radiation.

Governor Luis Munoz Marin pardoned Albizu Campos again heavens November of 1964 and smartness was allowed to return component. He died on April 21, 1965.

Since his death schools, streets and civic buildings have archaic named in his honor bother Puerto Rico, New York, Metropolis and other cities.

He hype buried in the Old San Juan cemetery.